Fundamental Duties of India

Listed in Part IV-A 

Article 51A 

Amendment Act :- 42nd CAA 1976

11th Fundamental duty added by 86th CAA 2002. 

Recommend by :- Swaraj Singh Committee Headed by then PM Indira Gandhi in 1975. 

Source :- USSR (Soviet Constitution) Now Russia 

Originally -10 duties 

Now -11 duties (added by 86th Amendment ACT, 2002)

List of Fundamental Duties

1. Abide by the Constitution and respect national flag & National Anthem

2.Follow ideals of the freedom struggle

3.Protect sovereignty & integrity of India

4.Defend the country and render national services when called upon

5 Sprit of common brotherhood

6.Preserve composite culture

7.Preserve natural environment

8.Develop scientific temper

9. Safeguard public property

10.Strive for excellence

11.Duty fo all parents/guardians to send their children for education in the age group of 6-14 years to school.

#KeyWords 

NSSD BCE SPEE 

National Struggle freedom   sovereign Defense 

Brotherhood culture Environment 

Scientific temper Public property Excellence & Education. 

NEET_UG Analysis #Chemistry

Framing of COI ( Important Dates)

Framing of constitution of India (important Dates )

1934 :— M.N Roy gave Idea to Have constituent assembly(CA)

1935 :— INC for the first time officially demended a CA to frame COI.

1938 :— Jawahar Lal Nehru , on behalf of INC declared that ' the constitution of India framed without external interference.

1940( 8 August) :— August offer — Demand of framing COI Accepted.

1942:— Sir Stafford Cripps , a member of cabinet , came to India with a draft proposal from British Government on the framing of an Independent constitution to be adopted after ww-II.

1946:—

26 March :— Cabinet Mission arrived in India

16 May:— Cabinet mission published its plan.

July — August :— Election -CA election for 296 seats ( 208 won by INC, 73 by ML & 15 Small groups & independent candidate)

9 December- Ist meeting of CA presided by Dr. Sachidanand Sinha

11 December — 2nd Meeting of CA presided by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Vice President HC Mukherjee &. Constitutional Advisor BN Rau

13 December— JL Nehru moved historic 'Objective Resolution’ in the assembly.

1947

22 January— Objective Resolution Adopted by Assembly.

28 April— 6 states representative of Ally joined CA ( Baroda, Bikaner, Jaipur, Patiala, rewa & Udaipur)

03 June — Mt. Batten plan of partition accepted

22 July :— Adopted National Flag of India

29 August:— Draft committee set up

17 November— For the First time CA met as Dominion legislative & GV Mavlanker as it's speaker

1948

4 November-9 November— Ist reading of draft of constitution

15 November 1948- 17 October 1949 — 2nd reading

1949

14 November— 3rd reading of the Draft of constitution

26 November— Motion of Draft constitution was declared as passed . COI adopted & enacted.

1950

24 January— Adoption of National Anthem, National Song & Appointment of Ist President of India Dr Rajendra Singh Prasad

26 January— COI came into force & India Got republic.

1951–1952 Ist General Elections

1952

17 April— Provisional parliament ceased to exist .

May1952 — Ist elected Parliament with two Houses came into being.

General Science MCQ's JKSSB

 

Mega Science MCQ’s @ Mission 1000+ MCQ's 

SET -1

Q1. Conventional sources of energy are :-

A) Non-renewable sources of energy

B) Available in limited qty.  Apart from HEP

C) Are commercial energy sources like Coal, Electricity & petroleum

D) Are non-commercial energy sources like dried dung, firewood

E) All of the Above

Q2. Non-Conventional sources of energy are :-

A) Are renewable sources of energy

B) Solar energy, Bio-Energy, Tidal energy, Wind energy

C) Mainly used for household purposes

D) are not responsible for pollution & hence are clean sources

E) All of the above

Q3. Which is the largest non-conventional source of energy?

A) Solar Energy

B) Wind Energy

C) Tidal Energy

E) Bio-Energy

Q4.  Solar cells are made of ------&----is   the material used for interconnection the solar cells in solar panel is

A) Silicon & Aluminium

B) Silicon & Silver

C) Silicon & Copper

D) Lead & Cobalt

Q5. Which one of the following reactions is the main cause of the energy radiation from the sun?

A) Fusion reaction

B) Fission reaction

C) Chemical reaction

D) Diffusion reaction

Q6. India has -----position in wind power energy generation

A) 2^nd

B) 3^rd

C) 1^st

D) 4^th

Q7. World’s largest generator of wind power energy country is

A) India

B) Denmark

C)  Germany

D)  Ukraine

                             DENMARK is  known as “country of Winds”.  In India the largest wind energy farm has been established near Kanyakumari , Tamil Nadu ( 380 MW) . Note for 1MW generator , the farm required is 2 hectares of land ( 1 hectare= 19.77 Kanals)

Q8. The wind speed should be higher than ------to maintain the required speed of the turbine.

A) 10 km/h

B) 15km/h

C) 20Km/h

D) 30km/h

 

Q9. Bio-gas is an excellent fuel as it contains up to 75% of ----& 20-25% of CO2, H2,N2, H2S etc

A) Methane

B) Ethane

C) Butane

D) Ethanol

Q10. NHPC  & NTPC is/are  established in ----

A) 1975

B) 1957

C) 1981

D) 1991

Q11. State-wise sequence of thermal power generation

A) Maharashtra> Gujarat> Andhra Pradesh > West Bengal

B) Punjab > Karnataka> Maharashtra> Kerala

C) J&K> Punjab> HP> MP

D) NOTA

Q12. State-wise sequence of hydro power plants:-

 A) Maharashtra> Gujarat> Andhra Pradesh > West Bengal

B) Punjab > Karnataka> Maharashtra> Kerala

C) J&K> Punjab> HP> MP

D) NOTA

Q13. Location of the Tehri Dam on ------& sardar sarovar project on the river ----

A) Bhagirathi & Narmada

B) Ganga & Narmada

C) Yamuna & Kaveri

D) Ravi & Mahanadi

14. Gibrat Ratio is ratio used to detect cost effectiveness of ---

A) Wind Energy

B) Tidal Energy

C) Solar Energy

D) Thermal Energy

15. There are number of power plants based on Geothermal Energy operational in ----& ----

A) New Zealand & USA

B) Germany & Denmark ‘

C) New Zealand & Denmark

D) NOTA

16. which of the followings nuclear power plants  are related or located correctly

A) Tarapur = Maharashtra

B) Rana Partap Sagar = Rajasthan

C) Kalpakkam = Tamil Nadu

D) Kaiga ( Karnataka) & Kakrapar( Gujarat)

E) All of the above

17. A solar water heater can’t be used to get hot water on

A) Sunny Day                     

B) Cloudy Day

C) Hot Day

E) Windy day

Q18. A solar cooker used for heating water has solar panel of effective area 1 m² . Only 10% of the energy received by the solar panel is utilized for heating the contents. Time taken by this solar cooker to heat 1L of water from 30⁰C to 80^oC is nearly

A) 10 minutes

B) 15 minutes

C) 20 minutes

D) 25 minutes

19. OTE (Ocean Thermal Energy) is due to

A) Temperature difference at different levels in the Ocean

B) Energy stored by waves in the Ocean

C) Pressure difference

D) Tides arising out in the Ocean

20. U-235 will undergo fission by

A) Low Energy neutrons only

B) Low Energy Protons only

C) High energy protons & Neutrons

D) NOTA

weather , climate MCQ'S JKSSB@JK_GK

Weather &  Climate Of J&K 

Q1.Ice Cold season from Mid January- Mod March is known as 

1. Shishur 

2. Retkol/ Grisham 

3. Sonth/ Bahaar 

4. Harud/ Patjhar 

Q2. Kashmir valley receives  heavy rainfall & snowfall in winter & pre-monsoon season due to 

1. Western Disturbance 

2. Eastern Disturbance 

3. Varied Topography 

4. NOTA

Q3. The winter precipitation mainly occurs from western disturbance ( I.e temperate cyclones) originating from …..

1. Mediterranean sea 

2. Karakoram range 

3. Caribbean sea 

4. NOTA

Q4. Chillai Kalan - days of Intense winter period in Kashmir valley are from…..to…..

1. 21 December to 31 January 

2. 31 January to 19 March 

3. 31 January to 19 February 

4. 20 Feb to 31 March 

Q6. Chillai Khurd & Chillai Bacha are also days of winters in Kashmir valley. In total the number of days in both are 

1. 40 days 

2. 30 days 

3. 20 days 

4. 10 days 

Q7. …..are Hot winds in the Northern plains of J&K while …..are cold winds in J&K? 

1. Loo & Kaal Baisakhi 

2. Dadu & Loo

3. Loo & Dadu 

4. NOTA.

Q8. Which of the following is incorrectly related or paired ? 

1. AUTUMN = HARUD / PATJAR

2. WANDAH/ SYALA = WINTER 

3. SUMMER = SONTH/BAHAAR

4. NOTA 

 Q9. The direction to which wind blows is known as :-

1. Windward 

2. Leeward 

3. Eleaving side 

4. Levering side 

Q10. If the temperature of a place increases suddenly the relative humidity……

1. Increases 

2. Decreases 

3. Remain constant 

4. NOTA

Q11. Udometer is used to measure 

1. Rainfall 

2. Humidity 

3. Wind speed 

4. Atmospheric Pressure 

Q12. Monsoon is caused by 

1. Impact of summer temperatures on the sea 

2. Movement of clouds 

3. Seasonal reversal of winds 

4. Rise in temperature 

Q13. The snow on the mountains doesn't melt at once when it is heated by the sun because 

1. It becomes very solid 

2. It reflects  most of the heat from the sun 

3. It has a low specific heat capacity 

4. It has a high latent heat of fusion 

Q14. The district of J&K that receives maximum rainfall is 

1. Rajouri 

2. Ramban 

3. Reasi 

4. Katra 

Q15. ….is spring season in Kashmir. 

1. Sonth 

2. Retkol

3. Wandah

4. NOTA

Top 10 weight Loss Mistakes We All Make

 This pandemic & the new work from the home routine have added a few extra inches/kilos for some of us. With this new sedentary lifestyle, sitting for long hours before laptops or using mobile screen , attending online meetings, emotional eating leading to munch on our favourite snacks, our fitness levels  have deteriorated. 

                                                    

But you have one of the saying always in mind-" It is never too late to transform an unhealthy lifestyle into healthy one. A little motivation , discipline & consistency / patience can help you to lose weight efficiently without hitting gym or going on Keto diet. 

We all have basic diet plan for weight loss or weight gain, but those plans are not calibrated  for individuals , they are generalized as healthy plans but not so practically. However,  despite following strict weight loss plans , do you still find yourself struggling to lose weight? Are you struggling to perform your daily tasks or just inherently feeling unhealthy? Then you are at right place to find your mistakes and stay fit by avoiding a very few. Unfortunately , these weight loss mistakes are so common that we don't even realize how they affect our fitness goals & increase but belly fats/ add extra waistline or body weight and thereby making us host for number of diseases. 

Weight loss Journey requires no gym or extra/special diet , it requires only motivation & dedication plus dynamic lifestyle. 

First of all what are you 10 top Weight Loss Mistakes ? 

1. Skipping Breakfast for a glass coffee or Juice or Just Honey water :- 

If you restrict your breakfast to just a glass of juice then you are wrong , you may become hungry & overeat later, so better is to take all macros( Proteins + Carbs + fats + Fibre ) & Micros ( Zn, Mn,, Fe & Ca etc). Atleast 300-350 calories are required as a fuel and must be taken in morning meal, the most essential meal for initiating the metabolic activities of our body. 

2. Skipping meals :- 

If you are following calorie deficit diet than don't skip meal, for you it is recommended that minimum of three meals are must, sometimes even four. What you can opt is that take less calories instead of no calories or skipping meals. Don't skip meals try to stick on salads, fruits & dry fruits, raw cheese & boiled egg whites etc. 

3. Saying no to everything you love to eat :-

This is most common mistake that dieters plan , cut on sugars, cold-drinks , pizza & fast food. I am not recommending same cut , once in a fortnight we can go for any of the above , but don't fill your hunger on all. Staying in moderation helps to reduce cravings. So, fit yourself in balance for healthy eating & unhealthy lifestyle.

4. Taking to many Liquid calories :-

You find it common in diet plans that dieters restrict to liquid intake viz. Honey-water , Cinnamon water , lemon-water , black coffee, green tea chia-seed-water , kalonji-water etc. just rubbish , all these directly contribute weight gain. replace all these drinks with evergreen Lukewarm water.

My liquid intake is - 11 glass of water ( 1 Glass Lukewarm in Morning ) + 1 black coffee /day or skimmed milk ( double/triple toned only )  

5. Intake of unhealthy -Add-Ons:-

Plenty of fruits - replace with one fruit / day 

Plenty of salads - Just salads are must with meals. If you skipped meal then you can take salads. Try different salads in each meal. 

To much of Proteins / supplements/ Biotin  etc 

6. Mindless eating :- 

Eating while on screen or using mobile , let's you to take extra calories. Mindful eating is an expert -backed tip to lose weight. 

7. Rushing through the meal :-

Scarfing down your food is detrimental to losing weight. Instead, make sure you're correctly seated & relaxed while eating, Don't eat & sleep together. A basic formula of health is - Drink the food & eat the water, simply means slowing down will help you to chew better & eat less than you would otherwise. 

8. Too much protein:-

Most of you are searching on google about _ Food for veg./ Non-veg proteins & you find a  long list . 

Now, you next step is to bring all at home, but without having any idea that excess of protein can be stored in fat. You must take proteins as per you BMI. 

If Your Body weight is 80 Kg - you can take 80g of Protein / day . Similarly, for 60kg - take 60g protein /day . 

9. Going All Out On Cheat Days:- 

Most of you end all your desires on cheat day but  don't think of what you have lost for your fitness. One day mistake can be counted too. celebrate cheat day but beware of  going overboard & ending up consuming 1000s of calories. 

10. Not Taking rest day:- 

As you all know that In India , Sunday is the rest day, apply same for yourself. Training too much can defeat the purpose of the exercise. Rest after physical activities is very important and vital exercise for organs to boost up metabolic activities. Always take one or two days break from exercising. 

Conclusion :- 

Weight loss is a gradual process that takes time. The one size fits all theory doesn't work in weight loss. Everyone has different body type & lifestyle , therefore everyone needs a customized solutions. Here, I am not recommending you diet plan but aware you with common mistakes in your weight loss Journey. 

                                                                 AJIT SINGH - FITTERCHEM @ INSTAGRAM 

5. 

MCQs on Crops of Jammu & Kashmir

 Q1. Which of the following is a part of J&K agro-climatic zones ? 

A. Sub-tropical zones

B. Temperate 

C. Both A & B 

D. NOTA 

Q2. Which of the following Act of J&K restricts the cultivator from converting the irrigated land into Orchard ? 

A. Conversion Act 1975 

B. Forest Act 1927 

C. Kuth Act  1921 

D. NOTA 

CONVERSION ACT 1975 :- An Act to prohibit the Conversions of land into, alienation of ,orchards in the UT of Jammu and Kashmir. (1) This Act may be called as the Jammu and Kashmir Prohibition on Conversion of Land and Alienation of Orchards Act,1975. (2) It extends to the whole of the UT of Jammu and Kashmir. 

Q3. Kharif crops are grown/sown in --------& harvested in ........

A. Summer & Autumn 

B. Spring & autumn 

C. rainy season & Winter  

D. Winter & Summer  

Q4. Which of the following statement/s is/are incorrect about the Kharif crops ? 

A. Sown in June-july 

B. Harvested in October 

C. are rainy season crops & require a lot of water 

D. NOTA 

Q5. Which of the following crop of J&K is not a Kharif Crop? 

A. Bajra 

B. Jawar 

C. Sugarcane 

D. Potato 

Kharif Crops - BJP GST CMs RM 

Bajra , Jawar , Pulses ,   Groundnuts, Sugarcane , Turmeric , Cotton , Maize, Soyabeans, Rice & Millets. 

Q6.  Rabi Crops are grown in .........& harvested in ......

A. winter & Spring 

B, Winter & Summer 

C. Winter & Autumn 

D. NOTA 

Q7. Which of the following is/are incorrect statement about Rabi crops in J&K ? 

A. Sown in Oct-Nov

B. harvested in April/may 

C. Requires moderate water & also called as winter crops 

D. NOTA 

Q8. Which of the following crop  is not a Rabi crop? 

A. Barley  

B. Grams 

C. Wheat 

D. NOTA 

Rabi Crops - Rabi GOT Price WB.COM 

      Grams , Oats , Tomato       Potato , Wheat , Barley , Chickpeas , Onion & Mustard  

Q9.  Zaid crops are grown under artificial irrigation in between  Rabi & Kharif crops. Which of the following is not a Zaid Crop?

A. Watermelon 

B. cucumber

C. Bitter gourd 

D. Tomato 

Q10. Kuth Act restricts .....

A. Cultivators from growing wild trees having medicinal value 

B. cultivators from converting land into Orchard 

C. Cultivators to sale apple outside UT 

D. Cultivators to grow saffron & sapphire as this hampers the growth of some areas 

Q11. .....is the most dominant crop of J&K ? 

A. Rice 

B. Wheat 

C. Maize

D. Barley 

Q12. The botanical name of Saffron (Zaffron/kesar) is 

A. crocus -sativus 

B. Nekumbo nucifera 

C. Oryza Sativa 

D. Zea mays 

Q13. .... is known as Saffron town in J&K 

A. Pampore 

B. Anantnag 

C. Pulwama 

D. NOTA 

Q14. Grim - a variety of Barley is found in 

A. Jammu 

B. Kashmir 

C. Ladakh 

D. NOTA

Q15. National saffron Mission (NSM) - the central govt. run scheme started in -----to enhance the production of saffron . It is implemented under J&K Saffron Act ..... respectively 

A. 2010 & 2007 

B. 2007 & 2010 

C. 2015 & 2012

D. NOTA 

Q16. Which of the following is not the variety of Kashmir Walnuts? 

A. burzil 

B. Kagzi 

C. Sulaiman '

D. Nadru 

Q17. The Tulip Garden of Srinagar  is the largest Tulip garden of Asia , situated at the foothills of :-

A. Zabarwan mountains 

B. shiwalik Mountains 

C. pir panjal 

D. NOTA 

Q18. Which district is the largest producer of vegetables in the state of J&K ? 

A. Bandipora

B. Budgam  

C. Baramulla 

D. kathua 

Q19. Which of the is/are related/ equated  incorrectly

A. Main fruit producing district of valley = Baramulla 

B. Rice Bowl of J&K = RS Pura 

C. Apple town of Kashmir = Sopore 

D. Saffron park = Dusso(pulwama) 

Q20. Which among the following districts have agri-export zone for walnuts ? 

A. Poonch & Reasi 

B. Rajouri & Poonch

C. Jammu & Samba 

D. Budgam & Pulwama